The Respiratory Reflex of Cough: A Comparative Study of Contemporary Medicine and Unani Concepts
Abstract
Cough suddenly and frequently helps to remove mucus, irritants, foreign substances, and bacteria from the airways. It can be a symptom of a respiratory infection like the common cold, bronchitis, tuberculosis, influenza, smoking, or other health issues. Contemporary texts describe several kinds of coughs, including acute, chronic, and subacute coughs, coughs that produce or do not produce mucus, and specific types like Reflex cough, voluntary cough, and evoked cough. In Unani texts, cough is referred to as diseases rather than symptoms. it is also called as “Sual” in Arabic, “Surfa” in Persian, khansi in Hindi, and cough in English. In Unani medicine, Sual is attributed to three causes: Ashab-e-badiya (extrinsic factor), Asbab-i- Wassila (intrinsic factor), and Iltehab (inflammation). The primary categories of Sual identified in Unani texts are Sual yabis and Sual Ratab, which are further subdivided into various types. This paper examines the concept, causes, types, and treatment approaches to Sual/Cough as described in both classical and modern literature.
Keywords: Cough, Sual, Surfa, Modern concept Unani literature, sual yabis, sual ratab.
Keywords:
Cough, Sual, Modern concept Unani literature, sual yabis, sual ratabDOI
https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v14i10.6820References
Sembuling K, Sembuling P. Essentials of Medical Physiology. 6th ed. New Delhi: Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (p) Ltd. 2012; 2012. 673–677; 690–692 p.
Bakhtiar A, Juwita PM. Management of Cough. JR. 2020 Sep 30;6(3):85–96. https://doi.org/10.20473/jr.v6-I.3.2020.85-96
Chaudhari SK. Concise Medical Physiology. 7th ed. New Central Book Agency (P) Limited, 2016; 63, 101–102 p.
Jahan Y, Siddiqui HH. Study of antitussive potential of glycyrrhiza glabra and adhathoda vasica using a cough model induced by sulphur dioxide gas in mice. international journal of pharmaceutical sciences and research IJSR (2012). 2012 May 29;3(06):1668–74.
J. McPhee S, A. Papadakis M, W. Rabow M, R. McQuaid kenneth. Current Medical Diagnosis & Treatment. 46th ed. Vol. 1. McGraw Hill Education; 21, 222–223 p.
Mahesh PA, Jayaraj BS, Prabhakar AK, Chaya SK, Vijayasimha R. Prevalence of chronic cough, chronic phlegm & associated factors in Mysore, Karnataka, India. Indian J Med Res. 2011 Jul;134(1):91–100.
PAUL VK, BAGGA A. Ghai Essential Pediatrics. 9th ed. New Delhi: CBS PUBLISHERS & DISTRIBUTORS PVT. LTD. 2019; 372 p.
Braunwald E, Harrison TR, editors. Harrison’s principles of internal medicine. 15. ed. Vol. 1. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2001. 203–205 p.
De Blasio F, Virchow JC, Polverino M, Zanasi A, Behrakis PK, Kilinç G, et al. Cough management: a practical approach. Cough. 2011 Dec;7(1):7. https://doi.org/10.1186/1745-9974-7-7
Tripathi K. Essentials of Medical Pharmacology. 7th ed. New Delhi: Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (p) Ltd. 2013; 218–220 p.
Ralston S, Penman ID, Strachan MWJ, Hobson RP, editors. Davidson’s principles and practice of medicine. 21st ed. Edinburgh: Elsevier; 2018. 652 p.
Al-Biltagi M, Bediwy AS, Saeed NK. Cough as a neurological sign: What a clinician should know. WJCCM. 2022 May 9;11(3):115–28. https://doi.org/10.5492/wjccm.v11.i3.115
Ibn Sina S ur R. Al-Qanūn Fit Tibb (Urdu translation by Kanturi GH). Vol. 1. New Delhi: Idara Kitab-us-Shifa; 2007; 294–299 p.
Ibn Hubal. Kitab Al- Mukhtarat fi al-tibb ( Urdu Translation by CCRUM). Vol. 3. New Delhi: Central Concil for Research In Unani Medicine (CCRUM) 2004; 163–166 p.
HKM. Arzani A. Tibb e Akbar. New Delhi: Idara Kitab-us-Shifa; 2000; 308–309 p.
Jurjani A ul H. Zakhīra-i Khwârazmshâhī (Urdu Translation by Hkm.Haadi Hussain Khan). Vol. 6. New Delhi: Idara Kitab us Shifa; 2010; 264–271 p.
khan GJ. makhzan-ul-Ilaj. 1st ed. Vol. 1. Idara Kitab us Shifa; 2014.
HKM. Muhammad K. Al Akseer. Vol. 1. New Delhi: Aijaz publishing house; 2003; 453–455 p.
HKM. Muhammad K. Qanooncha. Vol. 1. Idara Kitab us Shifa.
Majusi A ibn al-Abbas. Kamil as-Sina’a at (Urdu translation by Ghulam Husain Kantoori). New Delhi: Idara Kitab us Shifa; 2000; 165; 490 p.
Hkm. khan A. Haziq. 1st ed. Idara Kitab us Shifa; 2010; 206–209 p. (1; vol. 1).
Dr.Multani HC. Taj-ul-Hikmat. Mulk book depo; 122–125 p.
Hkm.qurshi H. jam-ul-Hikmat. Idara Kitab us Shifa; 2011; 2011. 543–549 p.
Qamari H. Ghina Mina. New Delhi: Central Concil for Research In Unani Medicine (CCRUM) 2008; 128–131 p.
Mohammad Tabari : Abul Hasan Ahmad. AL-MUALIJAT-UL-BUQRATIYAH. Vol. 2. Central Concil for Research in Unani Medicine (CCRUM) 1997; 468–469 p.
Razi AB zakariya. Kitab Ma al-Fariq aw al-Furooq aw Kalam Fi al-Furooq Bayan al-Amraz. Vol. 1. Central Concil for Research In Unani Medicine (CCRUM); 2013. 99 p.
HKM. Muhammad K. Tarjuma-e-Kabeer. 6th ed. Vol. 2. New Delhi: Jamal press, 1941; 609–613; 634 p.
Rafiq H, Kalam M, Ahmad R, Avid M, Azmi F. SU’ĀL (COUGH): CONCEPT AND ITS MANAGEMENT IN THE LIGHT OF CLASSICAL UNANI LITERATURE- A REVIEW. 2023 Jun 1;10:858–63.
Published
Abstract Display: 231 
PDF Downloads: 333 PDF Downloads: 106 How to Cite
Issue
Section
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0). that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
How to Cite
.