Antimicrobial Properties and Characterization of Secondary Metabolites Obtained from Curvularia lunata, an Endophyte of Azadirachta indica
Abstract
Background: Endophyte phytochemicals have piqued interest in drug development programs due to their enormous potential for assisting in the discovery of novel biologically active compounds. Aim and objectives: The study was aimed to isolate, evaluate the antimicrobial properties and characterize the secondary metabolites of Curvularia lunata endophyte isolated from A. indica. Method: C. lunata isolated from A. indica leaves using standard extraction protocols were screened for their potential antimicrobial activities using agar diffusion well method. HPLC-DAD, GC-FID, GC-MS, and FTIR techniques were used to characterize secondary metabolites. Results: At 1 mg/mL, growth inhibition of bacteria by the extracts of C. lunata were observed with Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and Candida albicans with zones of inhibition diameters of 6, 5, 4, and 4 mm respectively. The vacuum liquid chromatography sub-fraction of the extract showed the best antimicrobial activity. HPLC-DAD analysis revealed the presence of 2-carboxymethyl-3-n-hexylmaleic acid anhydride and aspernigin A. GC-FID analysis showed remarkably high concentrations of flavonones and catechins. The results of GC-MS analysis also showed the presence of hexadecanoic acid, and 1,6-Anhydro-beta-D-glucopyranose. FTIR results established the presence of functional groups like carboxylic acids, which may be associated with some of the detected compounds. Conclusion: C. lunata (OM337582) extract of A. indica have potent antimicrobial activity which could be related to a high content of flavonoids and alkaloids.
Keywords: Antimicrobial, Azadirachta indica, HPLC-DAD, Chromatography, Curvularia lunata.
Keywords:
Antimicrobial, Azadirachta indica, HPLC-DAD, Chromatography, Curvularia lunataDOI
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