URINARY TRACT INFECTION: ETIOLOGY AND ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE WITH REFERENCE TO ADHESIVE ORGANELLES
Abstract
Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a serious health problem, affecting millions of people each year.
Aim: The present study was undertaken to study the profile of uropathogenic bacterial flora in adult, their antibiotic resistant pattern, adherence factors of uropathogens and in vitro adherence capabilities of Uropathogens.
Material and Methods: The samples were tested microbiologically by standard procedure. Antibiotic susceptibility of the isolated pathogens was tested for commonly used antibiotics by Kirby-Bauer technique according to CLSI guidelines. Adherence assay were done by hemagglutination test and Giemsa staining technique. Detection of hemolysin production was done on 5% washed sheep blood agar. Motility test was done by stabbing the isolates into SIM biochemical media.
Results: Significant bacteriuria was present in 40% of samples. The most common pathogens isolated were Escherichia coli (52%), followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (16%), Acinetobacter anitratus (11%), Proteus mirabilis (6%), Enterobacter species (5%), Citrobacter species (2%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (2%), Morganella morganii (1%), Enterococcus species (3%) and Staphylococcus aureus (2%). The mean susceptibility of uropathogens was for amikacin (Ak-81%), nitrofurantoin (Nf-60%), cefotaxime (52%), ceftriaxone (Ci-47%), ciprofloxacin (Cf-45%), norfloxacin (Nx-33%), cotrimoxazole (Co-18%) and nalidixic acid (Na-17%). Mean adherence of pathogens to epithelial cells was 70 bacteria cell-1. Of all, 52% isolates were hemagglutinating, 34% were alpha-hemolytic, 31% were beta-hemolytic and 68% were motile.
Conclusion: Escherichia coli are the commonest cause of UTI. Adherence is one of the essential pre-requisites to establish UTI. Majority of UTI in men are mono-microbial. Most of uropathogens are susceptible to amikacin (81%) and nitrofurantoin (60%).
Key words: UTI, uropathogens, adherence, antimicrobials.
DOI
https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v3i4.554Published
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