Morphology, Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Activity of Vitex negundo: An Overview
Abstract
Now days a herbal and traditional medicines mostly used in all over the world according to WHO, about 60 to 65% world population practicing herbal and traditional medicines. Vitex negundo Linn. is an aromatic herb belong to family Verbenaceae. It is also known as Nirgundi, Five leaved chaste tree. Plants have many chemical constituents as flavonoids, volatile oil, triterpenes, diterpenes, sesquiterpenes, lignan, flavones, glycosides, iridoid glycosides and stilbene derivative. These chemical constituents are present in each part of the plant. Vitex negundo extract have various pharmacological activities such as anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, anti-arthritic, antioxidant, analgesic activity, antibacterial activity, antitumor activity, anti-amnesic activity, anxiolytic activity, Nephroprotective activity, anti-HIV activity, Antitubercular activity, antieosinophilic activity, anti-snake venom activity. This review article provides depth information related to plant morphology, cultivation, chemical constitutes, pharmacological activities and their medicinal uses.
Keywords: Vitex negundo, Nirgundi, Casticin, Anti-Gout Activity
Keywords:
Vitex negundo, Nirgundi, Casticin, Anti-Gout Activity
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References
1. Rastogi T, Kubde M, Farooqui IA and Khadabadi SS. A review on ethnomedicinal uses and phyto-pharmacology of anti-inflammatory herb Vitex negundo. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, 2017; 1(1):1-4.
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4. Sachin KB, Atul GG and Karunakar GV. A Critical review on sinduvara(Vitex negundo) with special reference to vishachikitsa. International Journal of Ayurveda and Pharma Research, 2017; 5(7):67-73.
5. Rana S and Rana KK. Review on Medicinal Usefulness ofVitex negundo Linn. Open Access Library Journal, 2014; 1:1-13.
6. Gill BS, Mehra R, Navgeet and Kumar S. Vitex negundo and its medicinal value. Molecular Biology Reports, 2018; 45(6):01-10.
7. Ahmed SS and Fatima L. Sanbhaloo (Vitex negundo): Pharmacological Actions and Therapeutic Benefits: A Review. The Pharma Innovation Journal, 2018; 7(9):330-336.
8. TandonVR. Medicinal uses and biological activities of Vitex negundo.Natural Product Radiance, 2005; 4(3):162-165.
9 Fauziya B, Sharma HP, Firdaus S, Jain P and Ranjan A. A review of ethnomedicinal plant-Vitex negundo Linn. International Journal of Advanced Research, 2014; 2(3): 882-894.
10. Venkateswarlu K. Vitex negundo: Medicinal Values, Biological Activities, Toxicity Studies and Phytopharmacological Actions. International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Phytopharmacological Research, 2012; 2(2):126-133.
11. Tiwle R andSanghi DK. Comprehensive Study of Nirgundi Plant: A Survey Report. Journal of Innovations in Pharmaceuticals and Biological Sciences, 2015; 2(2): 125-130.
12. Bano U, Jabeen A, Ahmed A and Siddiqui MA. Therapeutic Uses of Vitex Negundo. World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 2015; 4(12):589-606.
13. Suganthi N and Dubey S. Phytochemical constituents and pharmacological activities of Vitex negundo Linn. Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research, 2016; 8(2):800-807.
14. Vishwanathan AS and Basavaraju R. A Review on Vitex negundo Linn.-A Medicinally Important Plant,2010; 3(1):30-42.
15. Sharma A, Gulsheen, Kumar A and Sharma A. Comparative Anti-Anxiety Potential of Different Parts of Vitex Negundo Linn. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, 2018; 1-7.
16. Adnaik RS, Pai PT, Sapakal VD, Naikwade NS and Magdum CS. Anxiolytic activity of Vitex negundo Linn. in experimental models of anxiety in mice. International Journal of Green Pharmacy, 2009; 243-247.
17. Yasmeen A, Maniyar and Sriraj D. Peripheral and central analgesic activity evaluation of ethanolic extract of Vitex Negundo flowers in experimental animals. International journal of basic and clinical pharmacology, 2017; 6 11.
18. Ladda PL andMagdum CS. Antitubercular Activity and Isolation of Chemical Constituents from plant Vitex negundo Linn. Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 2016; 17 (4):1353-1360.
19. Janakiraman M and Jeyaprakash K. Nephroprotective effect of Vitex negundo linn. on cisplatin induced nephrotoxicity in male albino rats. World Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2015; 3(4):706-715.
20. Kumar GS, Lalitha VA, Sengottuvelu S, Sharif SH and Kumar TS. Nephroprotective activity of Vitex negundo linn bark against chemical induced toxicity in experimental rats. International Journal of Advances in Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2011; 2: 5-6.
21. Gangwar AK, Ghosh AK and Saxena V. Anti-inflammatory activity of ethanolic extract of Vitex negundo linn roots. International Journal of Herbal Medicine, 2015; 2 (6):01-02.
22. Singh P, Mishra G, Garg VK, Khosa RL and Kumar A. Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Vitex Negundo Root Extract. Pharmacology online, 2009; 2:772-781.
23. Durairaj B, Muthu SK and Shreedhar K. In vitro antivenom and antioxidant potential of Vitex negundo leaves (green and blue) against Russell’s viper (Daboiarusselli) and Indian cobra (Najanaja) venom. European Journal of Experimental Biology, 2014; 4(4):207-219.
24. Alam MI and Gomes A. Snake venom neutralization by Indian medicinal plants (Vitex negundo and Emblica officinalis) root Extracts. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2003; 86(1):75-80.
25. Patel JI and Deshpandey SS. Antieosinophilic activity of various subfractions of leaves of Vitex negundo. International Journal of Nutrition, Pharmacology, Neurological Diseases, 2013; 3(2):135-141.
26. Kamruzzaman M, Bari SMN and Shah MF. In vitro and in vivo bactericidal activity of Vitex negundo leaf extract against diverse multidrug resistant enteric bacterial pathogens. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine, 2013; 352-359.
27. Chowdhury JA, Islam MS, Asifuzzaman SK and Islam MK. Antibacterial and cytotoxic activity screening of leaf extracts of Vitex negundo. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Search, 2009; 1(4):103-108.
28.Miskin N, Manjunath KP, Bhandarkar A, Girish B and Manjunatha SK. Antipyretic activity of Vitex negundo Linn Leaves extracts. Rajiv Gandhi University of health sciences journal of pharmaceutical sciences, 2012; 2(2):78-81.
29. Tirumalasetty J, Sheikh U, Chandrasekhar N, Kishan PV and Rasamal K. Evaluation of Antipyretic Activity of Alcoholic Extract of Vitex negundo Leaves in PGE1 induced pyrexia model in Albino Rats. Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research, 2012; 4(6):3015-3019.
30. Kannan M, Rajendran P, Vedha V, Gnanasekaran A, Shanmugam A and Nair PCR. HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibition by Vitex negundo leaf extract and quantification of flavonoids in relation to anti-HIV activity. Journal of Cell and Molecular Biology, 2012; 10(2):53-59.
31. Ahirrao RA and Patel MR. Anti-arthritic Activity of Vitex negundo Linn. Leaves. Asian Journal of Research Chem, 2012; 5(7):843-845.
32. Petchi RR, Vijaya C, Parasuraman S, Natchiappan A and Devika GS. Anti-arthritic effect of ethanolic extract of leaves of Vitex negundo Linn. (Verbenaceae) in male albino Wistar rats. International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2011; 2(2):213-218.
33. Kanwal A, Mehla J, Kuncha M, Naidu VGM, Gupta YK and Sistla RK. Anti-Amnesic Activity of Vitex Negundo in Scopolamine Induced Amnesia in Rats. Pharmacology & Pharmacy, 2010; 1:1-8.
34. Chitra V, Sharma SN and Kayande N. Evaluation of Anticancer Activity of Vitex negundo in Experimental Animals: An in-vitro and in-vivo Study. International Journal of Pharmtech Research, 2009; 1(4):1485-1489
35. Kulkarni RR, Virkar AD and Priscilla D. Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Activity of Vitex negundo. Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2008; 70(6):838–840.
36. Roqaiya M, Begum W and Majeedi SF.A review on Unani traditional uses of sambhaluin females as well as phytochemical and pharmacological properties. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, 2017; 1-8.
2. Suva MA. A Brief Review on Vitex negundo Linn: Ethnobotany, Phytochemistry and Pharmacology. Invention Journals, 2014; 1:1
3. Ullah Z, Ullah R, Shah AHA, Ahmad J and Haider S. Phytochemical and Biological Evaluation of Vitex Negundo Linn: A Review. International Journal ofPharmaceutical Sciences and Research, 2017; 1(1):1-15.
4. Sachin KB, Atul GG and Karunakar GV. A Critical review on sinduvara(Vitex negundo) with special reference to vishachikitsa. International Journal of Ayurveda and Pharma Research, 2017; 5(7):67-73.
5. Rana S and Rana KK. Review on Medicinal Usefulness ofVitex negundo Linn. Open Access Library Journal, 2014; 1:1-13.
6. Gill BS, Mehra R, Navgeet and Kumar S. Vitex negundo and its medicinal value. Molecular Biology Reports, 2018; 45(6):01-10.
7. Ahmed SS and Fatima L. Sanbhaloo (Vitex negundo): Pharmacological Actions and Therapeutic Benefits: A Review. The Pharma Innovation Journal, 2018; 7(9):330-336.
8. TandonVR. Medicinal uses and biological activities of Vitex negundo.Natural Product Radiance, 2005; 4(3):162-165.
9 Fauziya B, Sharma HP, Firdaus S, Jain P and Ranjan A. A review of ethnomedicinal plant-Vitex negundo Linn. International Journal of Advanced Research, 2014; 2(3): 882-894.
10. Venkateswarlu K. Vitex negundo: Medicinal Values, Biological Activities, Toxicity Studies and Phytopharmacological Actions. International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Phytopharmacological Research, 2012; 2(2):126-133.
11. Tiwle R andSanghi DK. Comprehensive Study of Nirgundi Plant: A Survey Report. Journal of Innovations in Pharmaceuticals and Biological Sciences, 2015; 2(2): 125-130.
12. Bano U, Jabeen A, Ahmed A and Siddiqui MA. Therapeutic Uses of Vitex Negundo. World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 2015; 4(12):589-606.
13. Suganthi N and Dubey S. Phytochemical constituents and pharmacological activities of Vitex negundo Linn. Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research, 2016; 8(2):800-807.
14. Vishwanathan AS and Basavaraju R. A Review on Vitex negundo Linn.-A Medicinally Important Plant,2010; 3(1):30-42.
15. Sharma A, Gulsheen, Kumar A and Sharma A. Comparative Anti-Anxiety Potential of Different Parts of Vitex Negundo Linn. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, 2018; 1-7.
16. Adnaik RS, Pai PT, Sapakal VD, Naikwade NS and Magdum CS. Anxiolytic activity of Vitex negundo Linn. in experimental models of anxiety in mice. International Journal of Green Pharmacy, 2009; 243-247.
17. Yasmeen A, Maniyar and Sriraj D. Peripheral and central analgesic activity evaluation of ethanolic extract of Vitex Negundo flowers in experimental animals. International journal of basic and clinical pharmacology, 2017; 6 11.
18. Ladda PL andMagdum CS. Antitubercular Activity and Isolation of Chemical Constituents from plant Vitex negundo Linn. Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 2016; 17 (4):1353-1360.
19. Janakiraman M and Jeyaprakash K. Nephroprotective effect of Vitex negundo linn. on cisplatin induced nephrotoxicity in male albino rats. World Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2015; 3(4):706-715.
20. Kumar GS, Lalitha VA, Sengottuvelu S, Sharif SH and Kumar TS. Nephroprotective activity of Vitex negundo linn bark against chemical induced toxicity in experimental rats. International Journal of Advances in Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2011; 2: 5-6.
21. Gangwar AK, Ghosh AK and Saxena V. Anti-inflammatory activity of ethanolic extract of Vitex negundo linn roots. International Journal of Herbal Medicine, 2015; 2 (6):01-02.
22. Singh P, Mishra G, Garg VK, Khosa RL and Kumar A. Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Vitex Negundo Root Extract. Pharmacology online, 2009; 2:772-781.
23. Durairaj B, Muthu SK and Shreedhar K. In vitro antivenom and antioxidant potential of Vitex negundo leaves (green and blue) against Russell’s viper (Daboiarusselli) and Indian cobra (Najanaja) venom. European Journal of Experimental Biology, 2014; 4(4):207-219.
24. Alam MI and Gomes A. Snake venom neutralization by Indian medicinal plants (Vitex negundo and Emblica officinalis) root Extracts. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2003; 86(1):75-80.
25. Patel JI and Deshpandey SS. Antieosinophilic activity of various subfractions of leaves of Vitex negundo. International Journal of Nutrition, Pharmacology, Neurological Diseases, 2013; 3(2):135-141.
26. Kamruzzaman M, Bari SMN and Shah MF. In vitro and in vivo bactericidal activity of Vitex negundo leaf extract against diverse multidrug resistant enteric bacterial pathogens. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine, 2013; 352-359.
27. Chowdhury JA, Islam MS, Asifuzzaman SK and Islam MK. Antibacterial and cytotoxic activity screening of leaf extracts of Vitex negundo. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Search, 2009; 1(4):103-108.
28.Miskin N, Manjunath KP, Bhandarkar A, Girish B and Manjunatha SK. Antipyretic activity of Vitex negundo Linn Leaves extracts. Rajiv Gandhi University of health sciences journal of pharmaceutical sciences, 2012; 2(2):78-81.
29. Tirumalasetty J, Sheikh U, Chandrasekhar N, Kishan PV and Rasamal K. Evaluation of Antipyretic Activity of Alcoholic Extract of Vitex negundo Leaves in PGE1 induced pyrexia model in Albino Rats. Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research, 2012; 4(6):3015-3019.
30. Kannan M, Rajendran P, Vedha V, Gnanasekaran A, Shanmugam A and Nair PCR. HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibition by Vitex negundo leaf extract and quantification of flavonoids in relation to anti-HIV activity. Journal of Cell and Molecular Biology, 2012; 10(2):53-59.
31. Ahirrao RA and Patel MR. Anti-arthritic Activity of Vitex negundo Linn. Leaves. Asian Journal of Research Chem, 2012; 5(7):843-845.
32. Petchi RR, Vijaya C, Parasuraman S, Natchiappan A and Devika GS. Anti-arthritic effect of ethanolic extract of leaves of Vitex negundo Linn. (Verbenaceae) in male albino Wistar rats. International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2011; 2(2):213-218.
33. Kanwal A, Mehla J, Kuncha M, Naidu VGM, Gupta YK and Sistla RK. Anti-Amnesic Activity of Vitex Negundo in Scopolamine Induced Amnesia in Rats. Pharmacology & Pharmacy, 2010; 1:1-8.
34. Chitra V, Sharma SN and Kayande N. Evaluation of Anticancer Activity of Vitex negundo in Experimental Animals: An in-vitro and in-vivo Study. International Journal of Pharmtech Research, 2009; 1(4):1485-1489
35. Kulkarni RR, Virkar AD and Priscilla D. Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Activity of Vitex negundo. Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2008; 70(6):838–840.
36. Roqaiya M, Begum W and Majeedi SF.A review on Unani traditional uses of sambhaluin females as well as phytochemical and pharmacological properties. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, 2017; 1-8.
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Singh Y, Mishra P, Kannojia P. Morphology, Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Activity of Vitex negundo: An Overview. JDDT [Internet]. 15Jun.2020 [cited 1Dec.2023];10(3-s):280-5. Available from: https://www.jddtonline.info/index.php/jddt/article/view/4173
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