Scientific Coformer Screening, Preparation and Evaluation of Fenofibrate Tartaric Acid Cocrystal
Abstract
Objective: This present study aims to screen pharmaceutical cocrystal of Fenofibrate and coformers. Further the preparation and evaluation of fenofibrate-coformer cocrystal and In-Vitro drug release and Ex-Vivo Permeation study was done. Material and Methods: The coformers for Fenofibrate were screened using molecular docking. The cocrystals produced were characterized using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRPD) study and Infrared spectroscopy. Results: Cocrystal of Fenofibrate with tartaric acid was successfully prepared. The cocrystals displayed enhanced dissolution rate by 2.36 fold, similarly the ex-vivo drug uptake through everted chicken intestine model was improved by 4.38 fold. The formation of cocrystals of fenofibrate with tartaric acid was evaluated by DSC, IR and XRPD.
Conclusion: The fenofibrate - tartaric acid cocrystal exhibited increased % drug release and permeation compared to fenofibrate. This study confirms that selection of proper coformer is very vital step in preparation of stable, superior cocrystal. Based upon above study and results it revealed that cocrystallization offers a valuable way to improve the physicochemical properties of the API.
Keywords: Pharmaceutical Cocrystal, Fenofibrate , Coformer, Molecular docking.
Downloads
References
2) McNamara D, Childs S, Giordano J, Iarriccio A, Cassidy J, Shet M et al. Use of a Glutaric Acid Cocrystal to Improve Oral Bioavailability of a Low Solubility API. Pharmaceutical Research. 2006; 23(8):1888-1897.
3) Karagianni A, Malamatari M, Kachrimanis K. Pharmaceutical Cocrystals: New Solid Phase Modification Approaches for the Formulation of APIs. Pharmaceutics. 2018; 10(1):18.
4) Vogt M, Kunath K, Dressman J. Dissolution enhancement of fenofibrate by micronization, cogrinding and spray-drying: Comparison with commercial preparations. European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics. 2008; 68(2):283-288.
5) Li, X., Gu, L., Xu, Y. and Wang, Y. (2009). Preparation of fenofibrate nanosuspension and study of its pharmacokinetic behavior in rats. Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy, 35(7), pp.827-833.
6) Choudhary D, Gangal S, Puri D. Solubility enhancement of fenofibrate by modified locust bean gum using solid dispersion techniques. Asian Pacific Journal of Health Sciences. 2018; 5(2):224-230.
7) Khadka, P., Ro, J., Kim, H., Kim, I., Kim, J., Kim, H., Cho, J., Yun, G. and Lee, J. (2014). Pharmaceutical particle technologies: An approach to improve drug solubility, dissolution and bioavailability. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 9(6), pp.304-316.
8) LigPrep, version 2.3. Schrödinger, LLC: New York; 2009.
9) Maestro, version 9.0 Schrödinger LLC: New York; 2008.
10) ConfGen, version 2.2. Schrödinger, LLC: New York; 2011.
11) Liu Y, Sun C, Hao Y, Jiang T, Zheng L, Wang S. Mechanism of Dissolution Enhancement and Bioavailability of Poorly Water Soluble Celecoxib by Preparing Stable Amorphous Nanoparticles. Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2010; 13(4):589.
12) Bhalekar M, Kadam N, Patil N; Gawale N, Madgulkar A, Novel ion exchange resin-based combination drug-delivery system for treatment of gastro esophageal reflux diseases. Brazilian journal of pharmaceutical sciences, 2010; 46: 336-342.
13) Swamy K, Gupta M, Rao P . New validated spectrophotometric method for the estimation of fenofibrate in bulk and dosage forms. International Journal of Biological & Pharmaceutical Research, 2010; 1(2):131-136.
14) Siswandi S, Rusdiana T, Levita J. Virtual screening of co-formers for ketoprofen co-crystallization and the molecular properties of the co-crystal. Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science. 2015; 078-082.
15) Panzade P, Shendarkar G, Shaikh S, Balmukund Rathi P. Pharmaceutical Cocrystal of Piroxicam: Design, Formulation and Evaluation. Advanced Pharmaceutical Bulletin. 2017; 7(3):399-408.
16) Panzade P, Shendarkar G. Pharmaceutical Cocrystal: An Antique and Multifaceted Approach. Current Drug Delivery. 2017; 14(8).

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0). that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).