Effect of Different Extraction Conditions on Total Alkaloids, Total Phenolic and Total Flavonoid Content of Vigna mungo L hepper
Abstract
Vigna mungo L Hepper is an important pulse crop cultivated in India. It is rich source of many nutritional compounds and it is an integral part of diet. Bioactive compounds like phenolic, alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins etc. are present in the seeds. Objective is to determine the content of bioactive compounds present in the black gram seeds and to study effect of sample pretreatment, fractionation on total alkaloid, total phenolic and total flavonoids content. Three types of extracts were prepared by using ethanol as a solvent by using Soxhlet extractor. First Ethanolic extract (EE), second extract prepared from pretreated seeds with an acid (EEH) and third fraction from ethanolic extract (EF) were prepared. Total alkaloid content were determined spectrophometrically by using Bromocresol green using Atropine as a standard. Total phenolic content was estimated spectrophometrically by using Gallic acid as a standard. Quercetin was used as a standard for estimation of total flavonoids content. The total phenolic content of the EE, EF and EEH extract, was 20.0 ± 5.28, 21.03±5.04 and 17.8±5.77 Gallic acid equivalents/g respectively. The total flavonoid content of EE, EF and EEH extract was 166.7± 3.66, 304.2 ±3.48 and 112.5± 3.95 quercetin equivalents/g. The total alkaloid content of EE, EF and EEH extract, was 121.9±3.77, 154.8±3.60 and 202.1±3.49 Atropine equivalents/g. various treatments have effect on extraction of bioactive compounds. Extract from pretreated seeds with acid improved extraction of alkaloids. Fractionation of extract yield higher content of flavonoids and phenolic content than normal ethanolic extract. Hydrolysis of extract results in decreased concentration of flavonoids and phenolic.
Keywords: Alkaloid, Bioactive, Flavonoids, Phenolic, Vigna mungo
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